This week's interesting finds

A few charts worth discussing

Tye Bousada

Tjerk de Gruijter

Steven Lo

Other charts worth pointing out

Bond downgrades outpace upgrades in 2025

Canadian housing prices

U.S. tariff revenue

S&P 500 Index and percentage of members at new highs

Largest cumulative losses before companies became profitable

Oil price needed for fiscal balance by country

Currency appreciation vs. the U.S. dollar

U.S. restaurants by cuisine type

US corporate bond sales hit $95bn in busiest week since Covid pandemic

Corporate borrowers raised more than $95bn from 55 investment-grade bond deals in the first full week of January, the highest weekly volume since May 2020 and the busiest start to a year on record, according to LSEG data.

Financial institutions and European groups were among the week’s largest issuers, as companies took advantage of strong investor demand for high-quality dollar debt that has pushed borrowing costs close to their lowest level relative to US Treasuries since the global financial crisis.

Morgan Stanley forecasts investment-grade bond sales this year of $2.25tn, eclipsing the 2020 record of $1.9tn.

Many bond offerings during the week were significantly oversubscribed. French telecoms company Orange raised $6bn after attracting an order book of more than $34bn across five tranches of debt, according to people familiar with the transaction. Japan’s Sumitomo Mitsui Financial and US chipmaker Broadcom also raised $5bn and $4.5bn, respectively.

The new year issuance boom came as markets largely shrugged off the dramatic US capture of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro. Investors continue to attach little risk premium to US corporate debt, with the cost of borrowing for investment-grade companies at just 0.79 percentage points above government debt, according to Ice BofA data.

Europe’s market for investment-grade debt has also had a busy start to the year, with Italian energy company Enel SpA and French waste management firm Veolia both pricing deals worth at least €2bn this week, while cosmetics manufacturer L’Oréal issued a €1.75bn bond.

Earnings of US high-grade issuers are expected to have grown 11.2 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2025, according to Bank of America estimates.

Insurance companies and pension funds are also piling into high-grade bonds to lock in higher long-term yields ahead of further rate cuts by the Federal Reserve this year.

Still, the slim extra yields that corporate debt offers relative to ultra-safe Treasuries are keeping some investors on the sidelines.

This week’s fun finds

While visiting from Montreal, Catherine introduced the team to a hot sauce collaboration between Lord’s hotsauce and Georges St-Pierre. Common observations were: “Kevin’s head is shining”, “I can feel it in my ears”, and “My nose hairs are tingling”. 

We asked over 100 people in sports which leaders they most admire. Here are the top 40

Our goal with this list was simple: We asked a bunch of people in North American sports to rank the five leaders they most admired in 2025.

We picked the phrase “most admired” because it is intentionally vague. You don’t have to know someone to admire them. You can also admire leaders for different reasons: The way they communicate, the way they handle adversity or the spotlight, and, of course, their success.

That’s the great thing about leadership: It’s subjective. What works for one person might not work for someone else.

This week's interesting finds

This week in charts

Historical PE ratios and subsequent 10-year returns for U.S. large caps

Declining average lifespan of S&P 500 Index companies

Commercial bank loans

Mortgage origination by year

Chinese car sales in Europe

Chinese car exports

Rising capex and declining free cash flow trends of AI hyperscalers

Global equity market returns

Cycles of developed markets ex-U.S. outperformance

Private credit assets under management by type

S&P 500 Index and 10-Year Treasury correlation

U.S. housing affordability

Median age of first-time homebuyers

Ownership concentration of mega-cap tech stocks

US car market shows signs of fatigue as costs weigh on buyers

New car sales in the US are projected to decline in 2026 for the first time in four years, as a growing affordability crunch forces many lower-income buyers out of the market.

According to car services and data group Cox Automotive, sales are likely to fall from 16.3mn units in 2025 to 15.8mn units this year, while fellow forecaster Edmunds predicts a more modest year-on-year decline from 16.3mn to 16mn units amid sharply slowing demand for electric vehicles and signs of dwindling consumer confidence.

Sales figures released this week presented a mixed picture of demand in the final quarter of 2025, with Ford’s fourth-quarter US sales up 2.7 per cent on the previous year, while General Motors reported a fall of 7 per cent and Hyundai a fall of 1 per cent over the same timeframe.

Executives have cautioned that companies are likely to struggle to shield consumers from rising costs, stemming from the Trump administration’s tariff policies and withdrawal last year of a $7,500 tax credit for electric vehicle purchases.

Hyundai chair Chung Eui-sun used his New Year’s message to warn that “this will be the year when the crisis factors we have long worried about become reality”. David Christ, Toyota’s head of US car sales, said this week that “prices are going to go up for us and for our competitors”.

The warnings came after the US auto market rode out a year of turbulence in 2025 to post its best year in sales since 2019.

Customers rushing to purchase vehicles ahead of the tariff rises and elimination of the EV subsidy boosted sales in the first three quarters of the year. Meanwhile, the effort by automakers to shield consumers from tariff-related cost increases helped the market reach full-year sales of 16.3mn units in 2025, up from 16mn units in 2024, according to Cox.

Jessica Caldwell, head of insights at Edmunds, said automakers faced a dilemma: pivot back to producing smaller vehicles for lower-income consumers, or concentrate on producing larger and better equipped high-margin models for wealthier consumers unperturbed by the price rises.

Carmakers have largely resisted imposing tariff-related costs on customers in the form of higher sticker prices. But they are seeking other ways to pass on costs, including by boosting delivery fees and reintroducing more humble trim and equipment options.

Caldwell said several factors were also likely to prop up demand in 2026, including falling interest rates that could ease pressure on monthly payments and a return to the market of about 400,000 customers whose leases are due to expire.

Tyson Jominy, senior vice-president for data and analytics at consultancy JD Power, argued there was still “room in the system” to boost sales by offering more generous incentives while also increasing fleet sales to commercial customers.

But he acknowledged that would further squeeze margins already under strain. “They can’t just wave a wand and reduce prices. The challenge is to find a way to do it profitably.”

This week’s fun finds

There’s no better way to kick off the new year than a Mexican fiesta in the EdgePoint kitchen organized by Investment Analytics team member, Max. It’s a nice way to ease back into a routine and reconnect with fellow partners after the holidays. 

Your Wait for These Space Events Is About to Pay Off

The thing about space is that you have to be patient. The universe does not bend to earthly time scales, and events are governed by the unalterable realities of physics and engineering. They will happen when they are good and ready.

Sometimes we have to wait much longer than expected for events in our solar system, and beyond. Especially in spaceflight, you might hear about events, learn they are postponed and then eventually hear about them again. In 2026, there is some hope that your patience will be rewarded.

This week's interesting finds

This week in charts

2025’s top keyword searches by month

Median age a U.S. company goes public by year

S&P 500 Index valuation metrics – today vs. history

% of constituents outperforming the S&P 500 Index

A.I. vs oil companies – 5-year return above cost of capital vs. capital expenditure as % of cash flow

Pension allocations - public (active) vs. public (passive) vs. private equity

2025 performance by sector

2025 performance by sector and region

Data sources – 2024 vs. 2025

Uses for machine learning/A.I. – 2024 vs. 2025

Uses for generative A.I. – 2024 vs. 2025

Private equity firms sell assets to themselves at a record rate

Private equity firms sold companies to themselves at a record rate this year, making use of a controversial tactic to hold on to assets as managers struggled to find buyers or list their investments. 

Roughly a fifth of all PE sales this year involved groups raising money from new investors to acquire businesses from their older funds, up from 12-13 per cent the previous year, said Sunaina Sinha Haldea, global head of private capital advisory at Raymond James. Such transactions sell assets already owned by a PE group to so-called continuation vehicles — newer funds also managed by the firm. The tactic enables PE firms to return cash to investors in older funds, but has prompted concerns about potential conflicts of interest.

“This year is set to break all records,” added Sinha Haldea, predicting that the final figures for 2025 would show $107bn in such sales, up from $70bn last year. Skip Fahrholz, who oversees such transactions in Europe at investment bank Jefferies, concurred that the global total for the year for sales involving continuation vehicles would be close to $100bn.

The use of the structure has boomed in recent years as buyout firms have struggled to secure the valuations they want from external buyers or public markets, choosing instead to hold on to investments in hope of fetching more in the future.

In a deal valuing the company at €15bn, European private equity house PAI Partners sold part of its stake in Froneri, an ice cream group that includes brands such as Häagen-Dazs in the US, to a continuation vehicle for the second time.

Vista Equity Partners, New Mountain Capital and Inflexion also used multibillion-dollar continuation funds to sell down some of their largest investments.

Sinha Haldea said such transactions had become “a popular and effective win-win-win liquidity solution in a stressed exit environment, where exit values are still recovering from 2024 lows”. The structure is attractive to buyout firms because such deals generate extra management fees and potentially lucrative future performance fees from companies in ageing funds.

This week’s fun find

Why We’ve Been Chasing 10,000 Steps for Decades—and What Japanese Walking Gets Right Instead

I used to think of walking as a consolation prize—the thing you did when you couldn’t run. I couldn’t imagine going from an 8:10 pace to genuinely enjoying what felt like a 24-minute mile—the kind of slow movement where my Apple Watch buzzes to ask me if I’ve stopped moving.

Fast forward to May of this year, and a new walking trend has captured our attention: Japanese walking. In a viral video, fitness coach Eugene Teo explains this method of interval-style walking, which involves alternating between walking fast for three minutes and walking slow for three minutes, for five sets in half an hour. The goal? Metabolic efficiency.

Before I ever mapped out my walking loop, I thought 10,000 steps was a rule. Not a suggestion. It lived everywhere: embedded in my fitness tracker, baked into my phone’s health app, echoed in friends’ attempts to “close their rings.” It felt like the adult version of eating your vegetables. You just did it.

But here’s what no one tells you. Ten thousand steps didn’t come from science. It came from a pedometer ad.

In mid-1960s Japan, amid a national fitness push ahead of the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics, exercise physiologist Yoshiro Hatano estimated that doubling the average person’s daily steps—from about 4,000 to 10,000—“would result in an increased energy expenditure of about 300 kcal/day.” There were no clinical trials. No test subjects. Just back-of-the-envelope energy math.

In the 2015 book Health Trackers: How Technology Is Helping Us Monitor and Improve Our Health, technology journalist Richard MacManus describes how Japanese companies, such as Coca-Cola Japan and the green tea brand Ito En, distributed pedometers as part of large-scale marketing campaigns. These giveaways weren’t just promotions; they reinforced 10,000 steps per day as a public health guideline, embedding it into daily routines and branding it as common sense. What began as a marketing device was quietly becoming a cultural standard.

That foundation set the stage for one of Silicon Valley’s most iconic inventions—the FitBit. When Fitbit launched in 2009, it put 10,000 steps as the default daily goal—not because medical science required it, but because decades of repetition had already made it feel official. Fitbit’s own Help Center confirms: “The default daily step goal is 10,000 steps.”

The Benefits of Japanese Walking, According to Science

In 2007, exercise physiologist Dr. Hiroshi Nose and his team at Shinshu University in Japan developed Interval Walking Training (IWT), a deceptively simple yet highly effective protocol specifically designed for aging populations. Walk fast, then slow, three minutes each, five times per walking session, at least four days each week. No wearables. No tracking apps required.

In a five-month randomized controlled trial involving 246 older adults, IWT outperformed moderate-intensity continuous walking and sedentary control groups. Participants in the IWT group experienced a ten percent increase in peak aerobic capacity (VO₂ max), as well as a 13- and 17-percent increase in quadriceps and hamstring strength, respectively. A reduction in systolic blood pressure was another benefit.

Broader reviews associate IWT with significant gains in fitness, muscle strength, and glycemic stability in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Of course, IWT isn’t a magic bullet. The Shinshu University training method focused on a fairly specific group—healthy, older Japanese adults—which makes it harder to say how the protocol translates across more diverse populations.

But here’s the encouraging part, per the Shinsu study: even when participants didn’t hit every target, they still saw meaningful gains in blood pressure, aerobic capacity, and strength. In other words, you don’t have to be perfect for IWT to work—you just have to show up often enough.

In a culture that equates health with hustle, that quiet efficiency is the most radical act of all.

This week's interesting finds

This week in charts

Online shopping

10-year government bond yields by country

U.S. median single-family house size

U.S. electric vehicle sales

E.U. electric vehicle sales

U.S. obesity & diabetes rates

U.S. weight-loss injectables

Technology weight – U.S. equity indexes

Current vs. historical P/E valuations – U.S. equity indexes

U.S. manufacturing jobs

Household wealth by source

When Your Private Fund Turns $1 into 60 Cents

For all fund investors, NAV is supposed to stand for “net asset value.” For some, however, it’s turning out to mean “not actual value.”

That’s the hard lesson of recent weeks when some funds that invest in private assets have sought to go public. Prices that investors expected to be stable have collapsed as soon as the funds were exposed to public markets.

These transitions from private to public cast doubt on Wall Street’s narrative that investors can have their cake and eat it, too. You can have the mild price fluctuations of nontraded assets, or you can have access to your money whenever you want—but it’s turning out that you can’t have both.

And this situation bolsters arguments that asset values in private-markets funds don’t always reflect reality.

On Dec. 16, what used to be a nontraded portfolio called Bluerock Total Income+ Real Estate Fund began trading on the New York Stock Exchange as the Bluerock Private Real Estate Fund. With a stated net asset value of $24.36 a share, the fund closed at a market price of $14.70—a 39.7% discount from NAV. For every dollar the fund manager said your shares were worth at 9:30 a.m., the stock market was willing to pay you only 60 cents by 4 p.m.

On Nov. 13, another nontraded investment, FS Specialty Lending Fund, went public at a net asset value of $18.67—and closed the day at $14, a 25% discount from NAV.

Meanwhile, other private portfolios seeking to go public have gotten stymied by their investors.

On Dec. 16, shareholders at Priority Income Fund’s annual meeting rejected a proposal for the fund to offer stock to the public next year with a 270-day period in which existing investors wouldn’t be able to sell all their shares.

In November, Blue Owl Capital aborted a plan to merge one of its private funds into an NYSE-listed vehicle that trades at about a 20% discount to NAV.

You don’t need a class in economics to know the most fundamental fact about prices: Any asset is only worth what you can get someone else to pay you for it.

This week’s fun find

The Most Magical, Moving Four Minutes in Music

There are four minutes of Ravel that I hope I never get over.

“Le Jardin Féerique,” usually translated as the enchanted or fairy garden, barely breathes into life as the apotheosis of the childhood stories that Ravel gathered under the title “Ma Mère l’Oye,” or “Mother Goose.” Ravel wrote nothing more magical, and perhaps nothing so moving.

It begins in a hushed, hesitant atmosphere, an ineffably fragile melody sighing to a gentle, poetic accompaniment. Soon, that gives way to a tender duet for solo violin and viola, a halo of woodwinds around them, the strum of a harp and the chime of a celesta behind. Slowly the music drifts upward, melting back into the initial melody as it gathers itself to end in incandescent, irresistible C major, percussion sparkling through the string canopy of your dreams.

“I so enjoy looking at the faces of the musicians when they’re producing all that sound,” the conductor and composer Esa-Pekka Salonen said in an interview. “It is just a deep, deep, deep, spiritual, sensual, tactile pleasure. I think every composer, deep down, would like to be able to do something like that.”

Esa-Pekka Salonen leading the Berlin Philharmonic in “Ma Mère l’Oye,” recorded for the orchestra’s Digital Concert Hall.

For many listeners, “Le Jardin Féerique” casts an unusual spell. Why?

Often said to be a childlike man himself, Ravel wrote the first of the “Ma Mère” pieces, “Pavane de la Belle au Bois Dormant,” in 1908, as a piano duet about Sleeping Beauty for two young children to whom he told fairy tales. In 1910, he added four more miniatures to make the children a suite, basing three of them on old stories that he quoted in the score, and ending with “Le Jardin Féerique,” which had no such story attached. By 1911, Ravel had orchestrated the suite, and the next year he elaborated it into a ballet as well, his musical garden blooming into a glade for Sleeping Beauty, who awakens at dawn, with Prince Charming close at hand.